Tuesday, February 16th, 2010
OBJECTIVE:
The pharmacological treatment of cerebral vasospasm (CVS) now includes the experimental use of controlled-release biocompatible compounds that deliver a desired drug locally into the subarachnoid space. A controlled-release system consists of an active material that is incorporated into a carrier, usually in the form of a pellet or a gel. With such systems, the desired agent is delivered slowly and continuously, for long periods of time, directly to the desired site. This technology makes it possible to achieve high local concentrations of therapeutic agents while minimizing systemic toxicity and circumventing the need to cross the blood-brain barrier. This review describes con- trolled-release systems developed to date for local drug delivery in the treatment of CVS in both animal models and humans.
Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm With Biocompatible
Tags: Cerebral vasospasm, Controlled release, Intracranial drug delivery, Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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Friday, February 12th, 2010
DE NOVO NEUROGENESIS AND ACUTE STROKE: ARE EXOGENOUS STEM CELLS REALLY NECESSARY?
RECENT STUDIES DOCUMENTING the phenomenon of de novo neurogenesis within the adult brain have propelled this area of research to the forefront of neuroscience investigations and stroke pathogenesis and treatment. Traditional theories have sug- gested that the central nervous system is incapable of neural regeneration; hence the emergence of the field of stem cell biology as a discipline devoted to uncovering novel forms of neural repair. However, several recent experimental observations have shown that the adult brain is capable of ongoing neurogenesis in discrete regions of the uninjured brain and additional forms of endogenous neural regeneration in the pres- ence of an inciting event (induction neurogenesis). Induction neurogenesis has the potential for providing new insights into the cause and treatment of acute stroke syndromes.
Tags: Cellular transplantation, De novo neurogenesis, Induction neurogenesis, Neural stem cells, Stroke
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Monday, February 8th, 2010
Laboratory investigation
IbrahIm OmeIs, m.D.,1 WeIlIam Chen, Ph.D.,3 meena JhanWar-UnIyal, Ph.D.,1 renatO rOzental, m.D., Ph.D.,2 raJ mUralI, m.D.,1 anD JOhn m. abrahams, m.D.1
Departments of 1Neurosurgery and 2Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla; and 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York
Laboratory investigationIbrahIm OmeIs, m.D.,1 WeIlIam Chen, Ph.D.,3 meena JhanWar-UnIyal, Ph.D.,1 renatO rOzental, m.D., Ph.D.,2 raJ mUralI, m.D.,1 anD JOhn m. abrahams, m.D.1Departments of 1Neurosurgery and 2Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla; and 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York
Laboratory Investigation
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Wednesday, February 3rd, 2010
INTRODUCTION: We assessed the results of extracranial-to- intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery in the treatment of occlusive cerebrovascular disease and intracranial aneurysms in the United States between 1992 and 2001 using population-based methods.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study using the Na- tionwide Inpatient Sample (Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD). Statis- tical methods included multivariate ordinary and proportional-odds ordinal logistic regression with adjustment for clustering of outcomes.
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